Age Restriction
Minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) laws of 21 in the U.S. refer to a minimum age required to purchase alcohol in a state and measures aimed at preventing people under the minimum age from accessing alcohol. MLDA laws have significantly reduced drinking and drinking-related problems among adolescents and young adults, including education drop-out rates, car crashes, crime, injuries, assaults and suicides. There is also evidence that the relaxation of age restrictions contributes to heavier use later in life.
- State Panel Estimates of the Effects of the Minimum Legal Drinking Age on Alcohol Consumption, 1950-2002Subbaraman MS, Kerr WC. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 37(Suppl. 1), E291-E296.Date: 2013 (archived)
- Evaluating Self-Checkout Lanes as a Potential Source of Alcoholic Beverages for MinorsClapp JD, Martell B, Woodruff S, Reed MB. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 73(5), 713-717.Date: 2012 (archived)
- The Legacy of Minimum Legal Drinking Age Law Changes: Long-Term Effects on Suicide and Homicide Deaths Among WomenGrucza RA, Hipp PR, Norberg KE, Rundell L, Evanoff A, Cavazos-Rehg P, Bierut LJ. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 36(2), 377-384.Date: 2012 (archived)
- The Minimum Legal Drinking Age and Public HealthCarpenter C, Dobkin C. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 25(2), 133-156.Date: 2011 (archived)
- Universal School-Based Prevention Programs for Alcohol Misuse in Young People (Review)Foxcroft DR, Tsertsvadze A. The Cochrane Library, 5, 122. [Accessed: 2012-07-27. Archived By Webcite® At Http: //Www.Webcitation. Org/69Tpm7Dkv]. .Date: 2011 (archived)
- Turning 21 and the Associated Changes in Drinking and Driving After Among College StudentsFromme K, Wetherill RR, Neal DJ. Journal of American College Health. 59(1), 21-27.Date: 2011 (archived)
- Alcohol Policy Support Among Mandated College StudentsGarey L, Prince MA, Carey KB. Addictive Behaviors. 36(10), 1015- 1018.Date: 2011 (archived)
- Alcohol Consumption Associated with Collegiate American Football Pre-Game FestivitiesMerlo LJ, Ahmedani BK, Barondess DA, Bohnert KM, Gold MS. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 116(1-3), 242-245.Date: 2011 (archived)
- Fake ID Ownership in a United States Sample of Incoming First-Year College StudentsNguyen N, Walters ST, Rinker DV, Wyatt TM, DeJong W. Addictive Behaviors. 36(7), 759-761.Date: 2011 (archived)
- Heavy Episodic Drinking on College Campuses: Does Changing the Legal Drinking Age Make a Difference?Rasul JW, Rommel RG, Jacquez GM, Fitzpatrick BG, Ackleh AS, Simonsen N, . Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 72(1), 15-23.Date: 2011 (archived)
- The Utility of Keg Registration Laws: A Cross- Sectional StudyRingwalt CL, Paschall MJ. Journal of Adolescent Health. 48, 106-108.Date: 2011 (archived)
- Alcohol Prevention on College Campuses: The Moderating Effect of the Alcohol Environment on the Effectiveness of Social Norms Marketing CampaignsScribner RA, Theall KP, Mason K, Simonsen N, Schneider SK, Towvim LG, . Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 72(2), 232-239.Date: 2011 (archived)
- The Impact of Minimum Legal Drinking Age Laws on Alcohol Consumption, Smoking, and Marijuana Use: Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design Using Exact Date of BirthYörük BK, Yörük CE. Journal of Health Economics. 30(4), 740-752.Date: 2011 (archived)
- Alcohol Policy, Social Context, and Infant Health: The Impact of Minimum Legal Drinking AgeZhang N, Caine E. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 8(9), 3796-3809.Date: 2011 (archived)
- The Drinking Age, Alcohol Consumption, and CrimeCarpenter C, Dobkin C. [Accessed: 2012-07-18. Archived by WebCite® at http://www.webcitation.org/69FtD6Dop]. .Date: 2010 (archived)
- Magnitude and Prevention of College Drinking Related ProblemsHingson RW. Alcohol Research and Health. 33(1-2), 45-54.Date: 2010 (archived)
- Community Norms, Enforcement of Minimum Legal Drinking Age Laws, Personal Beliefs and Underage Drinking: An Explanatory ModelLipperman-Kreda S, Grube JW, Paschall MJ. Journal of Community Health. 35(3), 249-257.Date: 2010 (archived)
- The Fatal Toll of Driving to Drink: The Effect of Minimum Legal Drinking Age Evasion on Traffic FatalitiesLovenheim MF, Slemrod J. Journal of Health Economics. 29(1), 62-77.Date: 2010 (archived)
- Methods of “Fake ID” Obtainment and Use in Underage College StudentsMartinez JA, Sher KJ. Addictive Behaviors. 35(7), 738-740.Date: 2010 (archived)
- The Effects of Minimum Legal Drinking Age 21 Laws on Alcohol-Related Driving in the United StatesMcCartt AT, Hellinga LA, Kirley BB. Journal of Safety Research. 41(2), 173-181.Date: 2010 (archived)