Product
Given beer, wine and spirits have different ethanol content, sales volume and drinker type preferences (e.g., heavy, moderate, underage), and thereby have differential health effects, governments often apply distinct regulations to each beverage type to help control their use. Such control measures include differences in where and when beverage types can be sold, advertising restrictions, tax rates and labeling requirements. While historically the U.S. has adopted more stringent regulations for spirits, and research supports the more stringent treatment of spirits, harms related to beverage type, particularly those higher alcohol content products, such as spirits, remains an understudied area.
- Type of Alcoholic Beverage and Oral CancerKabat GC, Wynder EL. International Journal of Cancer. 43(2), 190-194.Date: 1989 (archived)
- Type of Alcoholic Beverage and Cancer of the Upper Respiratory and Digestive TractLeclerc A, Brugere J, Luce D, Point D, Guenel P. European Journal of Cancer & Clinical Oncology. 23(5), 529-534.Date: 1987 (archived)
- Alcohol and Aggression in Men: A Comparison of Brewed and Distilled BeveragesPihl RO, Smith M, Farrell B. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 45(3), 278-282.Date: 1984 (archived)
- Esophageal Cancer and Alcohol Consumption; Importance of Type of BeverageTuyns AJ, Pequignot G, Abbatucci JS. International Journal of Cancer. 23(4), 443-447.Date: 1979 (archived)