Product

Given beer, wine and spirits have different ethanol content, sales volume and drinker type preferences (e.g., heavy, moderate, underage), and thereby have differential health effects, governments often apply distinct regulations to each beverage type to help control their use. Such control measures include differences in where and when beverage types can be sold, advertising restrictions, tax rates and labeling requirements. While historically the U.S. has adopted more stringent regulations for spirits, and research supports the more stringent treatment of spirits, harms related to beverage type, particularly those higher alcohol content products, such as spirits, remains an understudied area.  

Energy Drinks
Health Risks
Drinking Patterns
Standard Drinks
  1. The Importance of Alcoholic Beverage Type for Suicide in Japan: A Time Series Analysis 1963- 2007
    Norström T, Stickley A, Shibuya K. Drug and Alcohol Review. 31(3), 251-256.
    Date: 2012 (archived)
  2. The Effects of Beverage Type on Homicide Rates in Russia: 1970-2005
    Stickley A, Razvodovsky Y. Drug and Alcohol Review. 31(3), 257-262.
    Date: 2012 (archived)
  3. Per Capita Alcohol Consumption and Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in a Panel of United States from 1950 to 2002
    Kerr WC, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Subbaraman MS, Ye Y. Addiction. 106(2), 313-322.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  4. Per Capita Alcohol Consumption and Suicide Mortality in a Panel of United States from 1950 to 2002
    Kerr WC, Subbaraman MS, Ye Y. Drug and Alcohol Review. 30(5), 473-480.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  5. Beverage-Specific Mortality Relationships in United States Population Data
    Kerr WC, Ye Y. Contemporary Drug Problems. 38, 561-578.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  6. Per Capita Alcohol Consumption and Risks of Oral and Cancers of the Stomach in the United States Contemporary Drug Problems, forthcoming
    Kerr WC Y Y. . .
    Date: 2008 (archived)
  7. Population-Level Relationships Between Alcohol Consumption Measures and Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in United States Time-Series
    Kerr WC, Ye Y. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 31(11), 1913-1919.
    Date: 2007 (archived)
  8. Liver Cirrhosis and Alcohol Consumption in the U.K.: Time Series Modelling of Recent Trends
    Mills TC. Statistical Modeling. 7(1), 91-103.
    Date: 2007 (archived)
  9. Relationship of Alcohol Consumption and Type of Alcoholic Beverage Consumed with Plasma Lipid Levels: Differences Between Whites and African Americans of the Aric Study
    Volcik KA, Ballantyne CM, Fuchs FD, Sharrett AR, Boerwinkle E. Annals of Epidemiology. .
    Date: 2007 (archived)
  10. Average Volume of Alcohol Consumed, Type of Beverage, Drinking Pattern and the Risk of Death from All Causes
    Baglietto L, English DR, Hopper JL, Powles J, Giles GG. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 41(6), 664-671.
    Date: 2006 (archived)
  11. Alcohol and Cancer
    Boffetta P, Hashibe M. The Lancet Oncology. 7(2), 149-156.
    Date: 2006 (archived)
  12. Type of Alcoholic Beverage and the Risk of Laryngeal Cancer
    Garavello W, Bosetti C, Gallus S, Maso LD, Negri E, Franceschi S, . European Journal of Cancer Prevention. 15(1), 69-73.
    Date: 2006 (archived)
  13. Alcohol Intake, Consumption Pattern and Beverage Type, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
    Hodge AM, English DR, O’Dea K, Giles GG. Diabetic Medicine. 23(6), 690-697.
    Date: 2006 (archived)
  14. Food Buying Habits of People Who Buy Wine or Beer: Cross Sectional Study
    Johansen D, Friis K, Skovenborg E, Gronbark M. British Medical Journal. 332(7540), 519-522.
    Date: 2006 (archived)
  15. A Drink is a Drink? Variation in the Amount of Alcohol Contained in Beer, Wine and Spirits drinks in a United States Methodological Sample
    Kerr WC, Greenfield TK, Tujague J, Brown SE. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 29(11), 2015-2021.
    Date: 2005 (archived)
  16. Alcohol Intake in Relation to Body Mass Index and Waist-To-Hip Ratio: The Importance of Type of Alcoholic Beverage
    Lukasiewicz E, Mennen LI, Bertrais S, Arnault N, Preziosi P, Galan P, . Public Health Nutrition. 8(3), 315-320.
    Date: 2005 (archived)
  17. Wine, Beer and Spirits and Risk of Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer: A Case-Control Study from Italy and Switzerland
    Altieri A, Bosetti C, Gallus S, Franceschi S, Dal Maso L, Talamini R, . Oral Oncology. 40(9), 904-909.
    Date: 2004 (archived)
  18. High Alcohol Consumption in Germany: Results of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998
    Burger M, Mensink GB. Public Health Nutrition. 7(7), 879-884.
    Date: 2004 (archived)
  19. The Role of Type of Tobacco and Type of Alcoholic Beverage in Oral Carcinogenesis
    Castellsague X, Quintana MJ, Martinez MC, Nieto A, Sanchez MJ, Juan A, . International Journal of Cancer. 108(5), 741-749.
    Date: 2004 (archived)
  20. Alcohol Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome: Does the Type of Beverage Matter?
    Djoussé L, Arnett DK, Eckfeldt JH, Province MA, Singer MR, Ellison RC. Obesity Research. 12(9), 1375-1385.
    Date: 2004 (archived)
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