Promotion
The impacts of advertising and marketing on drinking and related problems have been difficult to estimate; however, recent research has indicated a need to strengthen regulations. Targeted approaches, such as promotions aimed at college students, have been found to be much more problematic, and vulnerable groups (underage youth), are more susceptible. Legal or government restrictions on alcohol marketing range from moderate to considerable and vary across different alcohol types and media formats. Warning labels, product content labeling, and counter-messaging to increase awareness of alcohol’s harms may help offset industry promotions.
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- Longitudinal Relationship Between the Alcohol Warning Label and Alcohol ConsumptionMacKinnon DP, Nohre L, Cheong J, Stacy AW, Pentz MA. Journal of Studies on Alcohol. 62(2), 221-227.Date: 2001 (archived)
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- Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Warning Labels: Findings from a Comparison of the United States and Ontario, CanadaGreenfield TK Graves KL Kaskutas LA . Psychology and Marketing 16(3):261-282. .Date: 1999 (archived)
- Warning Labels: Evidence of Harm Reduction from Long-Term American SurveysGreenfield TK. Alcohol: Minimizing the Harm (pp. 105-125). London, England: Free Association Books. .Date: 1997 (archived)
- Alcohol Warning Labels for Prevention: National Survey FindingsGreenfield TK, Graves KL, Kaskutas LA. Alcohol Health and Research World. 17(1):67-75.Date: 1993 (archived)
- Influencing the Labelling of Alcoholic Beverage Containers: Informing the PublicStockwell T. Addiction. 88(Suppl), 53-60.Date: 1993 (archived)
- Public Support for Warning Labels on Alcoholic Beverage ContainersHilton ME, Kaskutas L. British Journal of Addiction. 86(10), 1323-1333.Date: 1991 (archived)