Product

Given beer, wine and spirits have different ethanol content, sales volume and drinker type preferences (e.g., heavy, moderate, underage), and thereby have differential health effects, governments often apply distinct regulations to each beverage type to help control their use. Such control measures include differences in where and when beverage types can be sold, advertising restrictions, tax rates and labeling requirements. While historically the U.S. has adopted more stringent regulations for spirits, and research supports the more stringent treatment of spirits, harms related to beverage type, particularly those higher alcohol content products, such as spirits, remains an understudied area.  

Energy Drinks
Health Risks
Drinking Patterns
Standard Drinks
  1. Risks of Energy Drinks Mixed with Alcohol
    Howland J, Rohsenow DJ. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 309(3), 245-246.
    Date: 2013 (archived)
  2. Understanding Standard Drinks and Drinking Guidelines
    Kerr WC, Stockwell T. Drug and Alcohol Review. 31(2), 200-205.
    Date: 2012 (archived)
  3. Calories Consumed from Alcoholic Beverages by United States Adults, 2007-2010. NCH Data Brief, No. 110 (pp. 1-7)
    Nielsen SJ, Kit BK, Fakhouri T, Ogden CL. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. .
    Date: 2012 (archived)
  4. The Importance of Alcoholic Beverage Type for Suicide in Japan: A Time Series Analysis 1963- 2007
    Norström T, Stickley A, Shibuya K. Drug and Alcohol Review. 31(3), 251-256.
    Date: 2012 (archived)
  5. The Effects of Beverage Type on Homicide Rates in Russia: 1970-2005
    Stickley A, Razvodovsky Y. Drug and Alcohol Review. 31(3), 257-262.
    Date: 2012 (archived)
  6. Associations Between Energy Drink Consumption and Alcohol Use Behaviors Among College Students
    Velazquez CE, Poulos NS, Latimer LA, Pasch KE. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 123(1-3), 167-172.
    Date: 2012 (archived)
  7. Energy Drinks Mixed with Alcohol: Misconceptions, Myths, and Facts
    Verster JC, Aufricht C, Alford C. International Journal of General Medicine. 5, 187-198.
    Date: 2012 (archived)
  8. From Alcoholic Energy Drinks to Supersized Alcopops: A Rare Victory in Protecting Youth from Big Alcohol
    Alcohol Justice. San Rafael, CA [Accessed: 2012-07-20. Archived By Webcite® At Http: //Www. Webcitation.Org/69Itjzhfn].. 11-Jan.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  9. Energy Drink Consumption and Increased Risk for Alcohol Dependence
    Arria AM, Caldeira KM, Kasperski SJ, Vincent KB, Griffiths RR, O’Grady KE. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 35 (2), 1-11.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  10. Drinking Patterns and Risk Behaviors Associated with Combined Alcohol and Energy Drink Consumption in College Drinkers
    Brache K, Stockwell T. Addictive Behaviors. 8-Jan.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  11. Adolescents and Young Adults Presenting to the Emergency Department Intoxicated from a Caffeinated Alcoholic Beverage: A Case Series
    Cleary K, Levine DA, Hoffman RS. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 3-Jan.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  12. Using Taxes to Curb Drinking: A Report Card on the Australian Government’s Alcopops Tax
    Doran CM, Digiusto E. Drug and Alcohol Review. 30(6), 677-680.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  13. Changes in Self-Reported Drinking Behaviors Among United States Teenagers Associated with the Introduction of Flavored Malt Beverages: An Interrupted Time Series Quasi-Experiment
    Dumsha JZ, DiTomasso RA, Gomez FC, Melucci NJ, Stouch BC. Addiction Research and Theory. 19(3), 199-212.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  14. Per Capita Alcohol Consumption and Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in a Panel of United States from 1950 to 2002
    Kerr WC, Karriker-Jaffe KJ, Subbaraman MS, Ye Y. Addiction. 106(2), 313-322.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  15. Per Capita Alcohol Consumption and Suicide Mortality in a Panel of United States from 1950 to 2002
    Kerr WC, Subbaraman MS, Ye Y. Drug and Alcohol Review. 30(5), 473-480.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  16. Beverage-Specific Mortality Relationships in United States Population Data
    Kerr WC, Ye Y. Contemporary Drug Problems. 38, 561-578.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  17. A Bottle of Beer, a Glass of Wine or a Shot of Whiskey? Can the Rate of Alcohol- Induced Harm Be Affected by Altering the Population’s Beverage Choice?
    Mäkelä P, Hellman M, Kerr WC, Room R. Contemporary Drug Problems. 38(4), 599-619.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  18. Differences in Trouble Per Litre of Different Alcoholic Beverages – a Global Comparison with the GENACIS Dataset
    Room R, Ferris J, Bond J, Greenfield TK, Graham K. Contemporary Drug Problems. 38(4), 493-516.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  19. “Vodka Energy”: Too Much for the Adolescent Nephron?
    Schoffl I, Kothmann JF, Schoffl V, Rupprecht HD, Rupprecht T. Pediatrics. 5-Jan.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
  20. Alcoholic Beverage Preferences and Associated Drinking Patterns and Risk Behaviors Among High School Youth
    Siegel MB, Naimi TS, Cremeens JL, Nelson DE. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 40(4), 419-426.
    Date: 2011 (archived)
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