Product

Given beer, wine and spirits have different ethanol content, sales volume and drinker type preferences (e.g., heavy, moderate, underage), and thereby have differential health effects, governments often apply distinct regulations to each beverage type to help control their use. Such control measures include differences in where and when beverage types can be sold, advertising restrictions, tax rates and labeling requirements. While historically the U.S. has adopted more stringent regulations for spirits, and research supports the more stringent treatment of spirits, harms related to beverage type, particularly those higher alcohol content products, such as spirits, remains an understudied area.  

  1. Association between Patterns of Alcohol Consumption (Beverage Type, Frequency and Consumption with Food) and Risk of Adverse Health Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study
    Jani, BD, McQueenie, R, Nicholl, BI, Field, R, Hanlon, P, Gallacher, KI, Mair, FS and Lewsey, J. BMC medicine. 19(1), 1-14.
    Date: 2021
  2. Week-by-Week Alcohol Consumption in Early Pregnancy and Spontaneous Abortion Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study
    Sundermann, AC, Edwards, DRV, Slaughter, JC, Wu, P, Jones, SH, Torstenson, ES and Hartmann, KE. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 224(1), 97. e91-97. e16.
    Date: 2021
  3. Is Burden of Disease Differentially Linked to Spirits? A Systematic Scoping Review and Implications for Alcohol Policy
    Rehm, J and Hasan, OS. Alcohol. 82, 1-10.
    Date: 2020
  4. Intake of Common Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverages and Breast Cancer Risk among Japanese Women: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study
    Sinnadurai, S, Okabayashi, S, Kawamura, T, Mori, M, Bhoo-Pathy, N, Taib, NA, Ukawa, S, Tamakoshi, A and Group, JS. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP. 21(6), 1701.
    Date: 2020
  5. Alcohol Consumption by Beverage Type and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
    Sun, Q, Xie, W, Wang, Y, Chong, F, Song, M, Li, T, Xu, L and Song, C. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 55(3), 246-253.
    Date: 2020
  6. Alcohol Intake and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the Multiethnic Cohort Study
    Park S-Y, Wilkens LR, Setiawan VW, Monroe KR, Haiman CA, Le Marchand L. American Journal of Epidemiology. 188(1), 67-76.
    Date: 2019
  7. The Relationship between Alcohol Beverage Types and Violence
    Snowden, AJ. Journal of Drug Issues. 49(1), 183-200.
    Date: 2019
  8. Trends and Correlates of High-Risk Alcohol Consumption and Types of Alcoholic Beverages in Middle-Aged Korean Adults: Results from the Hexa-G Study
    Choi, J, Choi, J-Y, Shin, A, Lee, S-A, Lee, K-M, Oh, J, Park, JY, Lee, J-k and Kang, D. Journal of epidemiology. JE20170296.
    Date: 2018
  9. Alcohol, Alcoholic Beverages, and Melanoma Risk: A Systematic Literature Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis
    Gandini, S, Masala, G, Palli, D, Cavicchi, B, Saieva, C, Ermini, I, Baldini, F, Gnagnarella, P and Caini, S. European journal of nutrition. 57(7), 2323-2332.
    Date: 2018
  10. Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Cardiovascular Health
    Goel, S, Sharma, A and Garg, A. Current cardiology reports. 20(4), 1-10.
    Date: 2018
  11. Estimating How Extra Calories from Alcohol Consumption Are Likely an Overlooked Contributor to Youth Obesity
    Battista, K, Math, M, Leatherdale, ST. Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada: research, policy and practice. 37(6), 194.
    Date: 2017
  12. Specific Types of Alcoholic Beverage Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
    Huang, J, Wang, X and Zhang, Y. Journal of diabetes investigation. 8(1), 56-68.
    Date: 2017
  13. Longitudinal Study of Alcohol Consumption and Hdl Concentrations: A Community-Based Study
    Huang, S, Li, J, Shearer, GC, Lichtenstein, AH, Zheng, X, Wu, Y, Jin, C, Wu, S and Gao, X. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 105(4), 905-912.
    Date: 2017
  14. Alcoholic Beverage Preference and Diabetes Incidence across Europe: The Consortium on Health and Ageing Network of Cohorts in Europe and the United States (Chances) Project
    Sluik, D, Jankovic, N, Hughes, M, O'Doherty, MG, Schöttker, B, Drygas, W, Rolandsson, O, Männistö, S, Ordóñez-Mena, JM and Ferrieres, J. European journal of clinical nutrition. 71(5), 659-668.
    Date: 2017
  15. Relationship of Moderate Alcohol Intake and Type of Beverage with Health Behaviors and Quality of Life in Elderly Subjects
    González-Rubio, E, San Mauro, I, López-Ruíz, C, Díaz-Prieto, LE, Marcos, A and Nova, E. Quality of Life Research. 25(8), 1931-1942.
    Date: 2016
  16. Alcohol Intake and Risk of Incident Melanoma: A Pooled Analysis of Three Prospective Studies in the United States
    Rivera, A, Nan, H, Li, T, Qureshi, A and Cho, E. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers. 25(12), 1550-1558.
    Date: 2016
  17. Alcoholic Beverage Consumption and Chronic Diseases
    Zhou, Y, Zheng, J, Li, S, Zhou, T, Zhang, P and Li, H-B. International journal of environmental research and public health. 13(6), 522.
    Date: 2016
  18. Prospective Study of Alcohol Consumption and Self-Reported Hearing Loss in Women
    Curhan, SG, Eavey, R, Wang, M, Stampfer, MJ and Curhan, GC. Alcohol. 49(1), 71-77.
    Date: 2015
  19. Is There Any Relationship between the Type of Alcoholic Beverage and Oral Cancer?: Focus on Red Wine in an European Perspective
    Iriti, M and Varoni, E. . .
    Date: 2015
  20. Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk
    Klarich, DS, Brasser, SM and Hong, MY. Alcoholism: clinical and experimental research. 39(8), 1280-1291.
    Date: 2015
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